 |
|
Germany | | Date: The 20th Century | | Notes: There are 611,000 people of Italian descent now living in Germany. In the past historians viewed Italians' integration into German society as being rather effortless, but recent findings indicate that there were (and still are) problems. For more information one can look up the following books: "Italian Migrants in Germany" by Frank Heins and Sonja Haug, and "Migrants from Southern Italy to Germany: between "Integration" and "Foreigness" by Yvonne Rieker. For an extensive bibliography on books on Italians living in Germany visit: www.cser.it/sunti_158.htm. | Contributed by: Courtesy of the New York Public Library, Digital Gallery, Digital ID: 440918.
| | View full size image |
|
 |
|
Germany | | Date: The 20th Century | Notes: Italo-Germans
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Italian Germans is the term to describe people who are fully or partially descending from Italy or Italian parents, but living in Germany.
Over time most Italians moved from home to Germany for reasons of work. Some also left for personal relations, study or political reasons. There is also a substantial number of Italian Swiss taking benefit of their bi-lingual identity.
History
Germany was counting a number of Italian German immigrants since the early Middle Ages, particularly architects, craftsmen and traders. During the late Middle Ages and early Modern times many Italians came to Germany for business and relations between the two countries developed prosperous. Italian German cooperation found a questionable connection in the World War II Axis Powers but with Germany's post-war Wirtschaftswunder it experienced a tremendous wave of immigrants from Italy. Since 1952 Italy and Germany are joint EU members and since 1961 they share a free movement of workers. Since then more than 500,000 left mainly Southern Italy for work in Germany.
Italian Germans in German Society
Politics
Italian Germans are actively involved both in regional and federal German politics; Areas of concern are European integration and assimilation.
Arts & Science
Italian Germans have a substantial influence on the development of Fine Arts in Germany from Romanesque and Gothic architecture to contemporary fashion and design.
Business
Today, many Italian Germans are employed just like any other but also have various specialized fields of work. Italians and Italian Germans in Germany run many businesses in the following areas:
* food related such as restaurants, coffee shops and food markets.
* retail and fashion related.
* art and media related.
Italian-run Assicurazioni Generali and Unicredit are some Germany's largest insurance and finance companies and employers.
Famous Italian Germans
* Mario Adorf
* Angelo Barletta
* Lujo Brentano
* Leo von Caprivi
* Rudolf Caracciola
* Luigi Colani
* Johann Maria Farina
* de:Reto Francioni
* Vittorio Gassman
* Romano Guardini
* de:Vittorio H?sle
* Bruno Maderna
* Oliver Neuville
* Franka Potente
* Beatrice Weder di Mauro
| Contributed by: Courtesy of Wikipedia
| | View full size image |
|
 |
|
Belgium (in English translation) | | Date: The 20th Century | Notes: Italo-Belgian
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Italo-Belgian migrants and Italians living in Belgium in recent centuries, and their descendants.
History
The first Italians in Belgium were a few merchants and bankers of the Renaissance Tuscan, and a few dozen craft and exiled until the eighteenth century.
By the nineteenth century first began to build a small community of Italians, most northern, in the main cities of Wallonia and Brussels. These Italians, even if a few hundred, they feel their influence in the motion for the independence of Belgium in 1830 [1]
A party of Italian in Belgium devoted himself to work in coal mines in Wallonia, but emigration was always limited until the twentieth century. Also weakened during the years of Fascism, to be formed by a few tens of antifascist exiles.
After the Second World War there was a rather remarkable recovery of the flow emigratorio, mainly due to the destruction of war in Italy:
"In years when the various agreements are bilateral agreements between Italy and Belgium, as the Protocol of 23 June 1946 and the Protocol of 11 December 1957 the Italian immigrants are directed substantially towards the coal mines of Belgium are approximately 24,000 in 1946, over 46,000 in 1948. To convince people to go to work in mines in Belgium, Italy is carpeted with pink posters with only the benefits from the job of a miner: high wages, coal and travel by train free, family allowances, paid leave, early retirement. Apart from a period of decline corresponding to the years'49-'50, in 1961, Italians accounted for 44.2 percent of the foreign population in Belgium, reaching 200,000 units. [2]
In 1956 came the disaster of Marcinelle, and then reduced the number of Italians who worked in the Belgian mines.
Since the seventies, which recorded almost 300,000 Italians in Belgium, migration has been decreasing and currently reside there only 190,000 Italian citizens.
We must also point out that in recent decades with the creation and development of 'European Union, which has headquarters in Brussels, many Italian officials have moved there to live with their families (even if temporarily).
Italian community
Luciano Bianchi, who was born in Milan, Belgian race car driver who won the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1968
The current Italian community in Belgium is very well integrated into Belgian society. The Italo-Belgian occupy positions of highest importance, as the Queen of Belgium (Paola Ruffo di Calabria).
According to official statistics of 'AIRE in 2007 there were 235,673 Italian residents (including the Belgians with double passport). [3]
The data of the Italian Consular records also show that nearly 50,000 Italians in Belgium (ie, over 25%) come from Sicily. Then follow, but in much smaller quantities, the Italo-Belgian originating from Italy (9.5%), from 'Abruzzo (7%), Campania (6.5%) and Veneto (6%).
It should also be noted that over 300,000 people of Italian origin in Belgium, according to Belgian researchers [4].
The Italian community would therefore be the largest in Belgium and also the oldest, being focused on '85% in Wallonia and in the capital.
Printing and Italian institutions
For more, see the Print Italian language # Belgium.
In Belgium there are several institutions for the protection of the Italo-Belgian, and for pensions for social assistance. Twelve schools in Italy [1], concentrated in Brussels and Wallonia (such as the school consular Charleroi), are dedicated to teaching the Italian language together with institutions such as the Dante Alighieri Society. [5]
The Italian Press is widespread. These are the main publications, according to the ICD [6]:
* Social Action, Quarterly (Genk, 1995), publisher ACLI, director Fernando March. (Site)
* The Coffee, quarterly (Ghent, 2001), owner Centro Culturale Il Caff?, editor Nadia Cristofoli, director Gali Charles Vacca. (Site)
* Communitas, monthly (Brussels, 1963). Publisher Ass Foyer Catholique Europ?en.
* The Echo of Belgium, bimonthly (Quaregnon, since 1987), publisher and director Rosario Nocera.
* Emigration Siciliana, bimonthly (Saint-Nicolas), publisher Union Sicilian Emigrants and Families, Director Joseph Chiodo.
* The Island, bimonthly (Brussels, 1999), published by L'Altra Sicilia Foundation, director Francesco Paolo Catania. (Site)
* United States News, a monthly (Brussels), publisher Consulate of Italy in Brussels.
* Mosaic Italian - to care for students of Italian language and culture of the CDI and Dante Alighieri (Gosselies), editors Marcella Di Giulio and Guglielmina Terenzi.
* New Horizons Europe - Belgium, the bimonthly (Marchienne-au-Pont), published by Congregation Scalabriniana, director Father Raphael Zanella.
* Oraitalia, monthly (Brussels, 2006), and editor Jacques Idmtal sprl Artiva, director Salvatore Albelice. (Site)
* Here Italy, quarterly (Brussels, 1994), editor Daniele Rossini (ACLI Patronato property of Belgium), director Francesco Onorato. (Site)
Salvatore Adamo, Italo-Belgian singer famous in Europe in the sixties and seventies
Famous Italian-Belgian
* Paola Ruffo di Calabria, Queen of Belgium.
* Elio Di Rupo, politician, Minister-President of Wallonia
* Salvatore Adamo, American International
* Lara Fabian, singer and actress International
* Enzo Scifo, American International
* Claude Barzotti, singer
* Lucien Bianchi, race car driver
For original text with references see Italian Wikipedia, "Italo-belgi." | Contributed by: Text, Italian Wikipedia; machine translation by Google
| | View full size image |
|
 |
|
La Louviere, Belgium | | Date: 1948 | | Notes: This picture was taken in Belgium in 1948; after the War my father who was born in Potenza, went to Belgium, seeking employment. He found work in the coal mines. He sent for my mother and myself a year later. My father worked in the coal mines for 5 years before immigrating to Montreal, Canada. Standing from left to right are: Zio Peppino, Aunt Isabella, M. Jule, owner of our rented house, my mother, Madalena and myself, Gemma (two years old). | Contributed by: Gemma Forliano
| | View full size image |
|
 |
|
La Louviere, Belgium | | Date: 1947 | | Notes: A family dinner in Belgium where my Italian-born father found work in the coal mines. | Contributed by: Gemma Forliano
| | View full size image |
|
 |
|
Newgate, London, England | | Date: 1910s? | | Notes: There are 133,000 people in the United Kingdom that are of Italian descent. Between the 1850s and 1960s London became home to thousands of Italians. Clerkenwell in the Borough of Islington is known as London's Little Italy.... Oddly enough while the English government actively encouraged the Irish in the 1910s to emmigrate to the United States, Italians were allowed to work in England. They found jobs as cooks, waiters and ice cream vendors. In 1911 over 20,000 Italians managed to find employment in England. For more information visit: www.let.leidenuniv.nl/history/migration/chatper3.html. | Contributed by: Image courtesy of the New York Public Library, Digital Gallery, Digital ID: 836173.
| | View full size image |
|
 |
|
Great Britain | | Date: Current | Notes: Italian Briton
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Notable Italian Britons
Frankie Dettori ? Lawrence Dallaglio ? John Florio
Benjamin Disraeli ? Dante Gabriel Rossetti
Total population
150,000 Italian Born
300,000 - 500,000 Italian Ancestry
Up to almost 1% of total British population
Unknown Numbers of Partial Ancestry, due to the huge numbers of Italians residing in the UK over several centuries
Regions with significant populations
Wales ? Peterborough ? Manchester ? Glasgow ? Chelsea ? South Kensington ? Bedford ? Westminster ? Kensington
Languages
British English ? Italian (and related forms)
Religion
Predominantly
Roman Catholic
Related ethnic groups
Italian, English, Scots, Welsh, Maltese, Gibraltarians
Italian Britons also known as Britalians, are British citizens whose both parents ancestry originates in Italy. The phrase may refer to someone born in the United Kingdom of Italian descent, someone who has themselves emigrated from Italy to the United Kingdom or someone born elsewhere (eg the United States) who are of Italian descent and have migrated to the UK. More specific terms used to describe Italian British people include: Italian English, Italian Scots and Italian Welsh.
According to the 2001 census a total of 107,002 Italian-born people are currently living in the United Kingdom, of whom 38,694 reside in London.[1] The British Embassy recently estimated that 19,000 Britons reside in Italy, and 150,000 Italians reside in the UK.[2] Up to 500,000 British people have some Italian ancestry[citation needed], with the Italian language being the first language of 200,000 Britons.[3]
Roman Britain
Main article: Roman Britain
The Romans were the first Italians to settle in the British Isles who came as far back as AD 43, when Emperor Claudius invaded.
Fifteenth to eighteenth centuries
According to historian Michael Wayatt, there was "a small but influential community" of Italians "that took shape in England in the fifteenth century initially consisting of ecclesiastics, humanists, merchants, bankers, and artists."[4] In the aftermath of the English Reformation, amongst other religious refugees from the European continent, many Italian Protestants found Tudor England to be a hospitable haven, and brought with them cultural Italian ties. The fifteenth century also saw the birth of a pivotal Italo-Englishman in the form of John Florio, a famed language teacher, lexicographer, and translator. The Titus family is another significant group that settled in England in the time of the Renaissance.
The arts flourished under the Hanoverian dynasty and this attracted many more Italian artists and musicians to Britain.
Second World War
When the dictator Benito Mussolini declared war on the Allies in June 1940, angry mobs attacked Italian restaurants and ice-cream parlours. Many Italians living in Britain were interned. Amongst some of the Italians interned were Mussolini's left-wing opponents who had fled to Britain after being involved in anti-fascist activities in Italy.
Italians were held in various camps all over the country. Eventually, like other refugees, they would appear before tribunals individually, which had them classified into one of three groupings: A class aliens were interned, B class aliens were allowed to leave the camps but had certain restrictions placed upon their movements, and the vast majority of refugees, identified as C class aliens, were allowed to go free. The Home Secretary, Sir John Anderson, ordered the arrest of over 2,000 male aliens living in coastal areas on 12 June 1940. A few days later all B class aliens were placed into internment camps. The author, H. G. Wells, joined the campaign against this, and accused the Home Office of being run by "Nazi sympathisers". He pointed out that a large number of those interned had a long record of being involved in anti-fascist activities in Germany and Italy. Many of these people were deported to Canada and Australia after the War Cabinet had decided to expel them.[5]
The 1,500 ton SS Arandora Star set sail from Liverpool bound for Canada early on 1 July 1940. On 2 July at 07:00 am the ship was torpedoed 125 miles west of Ireland by the German U Boat 47 under the command of Korvettenkapit?n G?nther Prien. The Arandorra Star sank within 30 minutes, with a loss of over 700 lives. The sinking was, and still is, the most tragic event in the history of the Italian community: no other Italian community in the world has suffered such a blow.[6] On the 19 July the Home Secretary, wrote a letter to Lord Halifax, the Foreign Secretary, in which he made it clear that he realised mistakes had been made in selecting Italians for the Arandora Star.[7] Lord Snell was charged with conducting a government inquiry into the tragedy. He recognised that the method of selecting dangerous Italians was not satisfactory and the result was that among those earmarked for deportation were a number of non-fascists and people whose sympathies lay with Britain.[8]
Post-War to the present
See also: Lists of U.K. locations with large Italian populations
The region of the country containing the most Italian Britons is London, where there are over 50,000 people of Italian origin live [1], Manchester, where 25,000 Italians live [2], Bedford, where there are over 14,000 people of Italian origin living,[9] and Peterborough has the highest concentration of Italian immigrants in the UK. This is mainly as a result of labour recruitment in the 1950s by the London Brick Company in the southern Italian regions of Puglia and Campania. By 1960 approximately 7,500 Italian men were employed by London Brick in Bedford and a further 3,000 in Peterborough.[10] In 1962 the Scalabrini Fathers, who first arrived in Peterborough in 1956, purchased an old school and converted it into a church named after the patron saint of workers San Giuseppe. By 1991 over 3,000 christenings of second-generation Italians had been carried out there.[11]
Famous Italian Britons
Main article: List of Italian Britons
For original text with references see: "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_Briton"
| Contributed by: Courtesy of Wikipedia
| | View full size image |
|
 |
|
Chile | | Date: The 20th Century | Notes: Italian Chilean
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Italian Chilean
Italo-chileno
Claudia Conserva . Fernando Alessandri . Nicole Natalino
Total population
800,000[1]
According to other estimations, many Italo-Argentines settled mainly in Chile, plus 600,000 of Chilean having Italian ancestry.
5% of Chile's population.
Regions with significant populations
Chile
Languages
Chilean Spanish, Italian
Religion
Roman Catholicism
Related ethnic groups
Italians
Italian Chileans (In Spanish: Italochileno, Italian: Italo-cileno) are Chileans of Italian descent. The Chilean census officially states 150,000 Chileans of Italian descent, but could be 3 to 4 times the number or above 600,000, due to the census using Italian surnames to identify those of Italian descent. According to other estimates, Italian Chileans reach 800,000 residents with some Chileans (distant or close) Italian ancestry, including Italo-Argentinian transplanted in Chile. One of the notable Italian influences in Chile is, for example, the sizable amount of Italian surnames of a proportion of Chilean politicians, businessmen and intellectuals, of whom a good number intermarried into the "Castilian-Basques" elites.
Italian Chileans along with French Chileans contributed to the development, cultivation and ownership of the world-famous Chilean wines from haciendas in the Central Valley ever since the first wave of Italians arrived to colonial Chile in the early 19th century.
Although being just a fraction of the size of the migration to Argentina, Italian immigration to Chile has been present since the arrival of the first Spaniards into the country, like captain Giovanni Battista Pastene who helped Pedro de Valdivia's expedition. Thence, with akin Latin culture, Italians have helped forge the nation, with architects (Gioacchino Toesca), painters (Camilo Mori), businessmen (Anacleto Angelini), Economists (Vittorio Corbo) and statesmen (Arturo Alessandri).
In an unusual manner, since Italian immigration was never massive or organized, the only case of concerted immigration appeared in the town of Capit?n Pastene, in the Araucan?a region in southern Chile, where in 1904, 23 families from Emilia-Romagna were left at their own device after being wrongfully enticed to the "riches" of Chile. Today, this small town celebrates a renaissance of their Italic heritage.
History
Italian emigration in Chile was limited to a few tens of Italians during the centuries of the Spanish colony.
After independence, the Chilean government encouraged European emigration, but without getting the results from the nearby Argentina.
However, there was a substantial flow of migration Liguria to the area of Valpara?so, which came to control 70% of the city. These immigrants founded the 'Body of Fire' (called "Cristobal Colon") of the city and its' Italian School ', whose building has been declared by the Government of Chile "Monumento Hist?rico Nacional. [2]
La Plaza Baquedano of Santiago Chile is commonly calledPiazza Italia
At the end of the nineteenth century many Italian merchants are rooted in the northern part of Arica, where they began exploiting the rich mines of saltpetre. Meanwhile, many Italian families settled in the capital Santiago, a Concepci?n and Punta Arenas.
In 1904 was planned emigration of 700 immigrants Emilia in a town of 'Araucan?a, which was named "Colonia Nueva Italia" and now called Capitan Pastene.
Throughout the central-southern zone of Chile is transplanted to the early XX Italiani 7.700. [3]
Some Italian-Chilean voluntarily returned to Italy, like the aviator Arturo Dell'Oro died skies of Belluno in 1917, which is headed to Valparaiso one of the main Italian schools in Chile
After World War I is exhausted migration from 'Italy, in Chile and currently there are only 39,650 Italian citizens (including those with dual passports). [4]
Many Italian-Chilean, estimated at over 150,000 currently [5], have reached positions of leadership in the society of Chile, like the president Jorge Alessandri.
according to other estimates reach 800,000 residents with some Chileans (distant or close) Italian ancestry, including the Italian-Argentine transplanted in Chile
Italian Community
The Italian community has been present since the times of Giovanni Battista Pastene, which participated in the discovery of Chile to the Spanish crown in the shipment of Pedro de Valdivia.
Since then, Italians have always occupied positions of great importance, also married with members of 'high society Chilean of Spanish origin who ruled Chile This is the case, for example, the wife of Salvador Allende, the Italian Chilean-Hortensia Bussi.
An anecdote demonstrates the importance of Italian culture in the people of Chile: the influence of a shoemaker genovese, named Giovanni De Marchi on Salvador Allende. Indeed, the President Allende said the journalist R?gis Debray that De Marchi had a strong influence on its policy of training adolescent. [6]: ((Quote |Just finished classes went to speak to this anarchist who had a great deal of influence on my life as a boy. He was sixty, or perhaps sixty years, and would chat with me. I was taught to play chess, I spoke of things of political life, and I lent books))
Undoubtedly, the Italian family that has distinguished itself more in Chile is that of Alessandri. In the first th, the parent, Giuseppe Pietro Alessandri Tarzo, came from Tuscany and worked as Consul of the Kingdom of Sardinia in Santiago. Among his descendants there are two presidents of Chile Arturo Alessandri (1920-1925 and 1932-1938) and Jorge Alessandri (1958-1964).
L 'Italo-Chilean Claudia Conserva, actress and TV presenter
Among the Italian-Chilean will have the most illustrious architects (as Gioacchino Toeschi), painters (as Camilo Mori), industrial (as Anacleto Angelini), actresses (like Claudia Conserva), economists (as Vittorio Corbo) and statesmen ( as the President Arturo Alessandri and his son).
The English is promoted by the Chilean section ofDante Alighieri, while the Italian press has with:
* The GazetteItaliana in Chile, bimonthly (Santiago de Chile), Director Nadir Moroso.
* Presence, fortnightly (Providence, 1969), publisher and editorial director Giuseppe Tommasi (Scalabrini Fathers).
There are some Italian schools in Chile (the most important are located in Santiago, the "Victor Montiglio" [1] and Valparaiso, the "Arturo Dell'Oro" [http:/ / www.scuolaitalianavalpo.cl/scuolavalpo/]) and some organizations protect and serve the Italian community. [7]
Capitan Pastene
In the southern Chilean town named Capitan Pastene is currently a small concentration of 2,200 Italo-Chilean, who constitute almost all of the local population and maintain a few words of Italian dialect of their ancestors emigrated.
Indeed, in 1904 about 100 families from the province of Modena moved there, as organized by the Chilean Government to populate a newly pacified by Chilean troops in their war against the tribes araucana. [8]
These families founded the "Colonia Nueva Italia", which currently is called Capitan Pastena and that is experiencing a revival of tourism based on the culture still present in the town.
Notable Italian Chileans
* Arturo Alessandri liberal politician, senator, President of Chile
* Fernando Alessandri politician
* Gustavo Alessandri Balmaceda politician
* Hernan Alessandri politician, lawyer
* Jorge Alessandri politician, President of Chile
* Anacleto Angelini businessman
* Carla Ballero model
* Francisco Bartolucci politician, lawyer
* Ernesto Belloni actor, comedian
* Vicente Bianchi pianist
* Cecilia Bolocco Miss Universe 1987, model, TV hostess
* Diana Bolocco TV hostess
* Hortensia Bussi First Lady of Chile, wife of President Salvador Allende
* Silvio Caiozzi film director
* Margarita "Maggie" Campos Buquelli singer
* Julio Canessa, military, politician
* Leo Caprile TV host
* Pedro Carcuro TV host
* Brenda Carpenetti musician
* Marcelo Comparini TV host
* Claudia Conserva TV hostess
* Fabrizio Copano TV host, comedian
* Nicol?s Copano TV host
* Vittorio Corbo President of the Central Bank of Chile
* Nicol?s Corvetto football (soccer) player
* Luz Croxatto actress
* Jaime Davagnino TV productor
* Mercedes Ducci TV hostess
* Ignacio Franzani TV host
* Carlo de Gavardo moto driver
* Javier di Gregorio football (soccer) goalkeeper
* Misael Escuti football (soccer) player
* Giovanni Falchetti singer
* Armando Galasso singer
* Eduardo Gatti singer
* Humberto Giannini philosopher
* Paola Gianinni actress
* Guido Girardi politician
* Claudia Di Gir?lamo actress
* Claudio Di Gir?lamo artist, painter
* Luis Gnecco actor
* Fernando Gonz?lez Ciuffardi, tennis player
* Coca Guazzini actress
* Aline K?ppenheim Gualtieri actress
* Berta Lasala actress
* Gladys Lucavecchi singer
* Angelo Macchiavello musician
* Beatriz Marinello chess player
* Manuela Martelli actress
* Macarena Mina model, Miss Chile 1989
* Leslie Masserano singer
* Nicole Natalino singer
* Marlen Olivari model
* Soledad Onetto journalist, TV hostess
* Antonella Orsini actress
* Aldo Parodi actor
* ?talo Passalacqua journalist
* Giovanni Batista Pastene explorer
* Manuel Pellegrini former football (soccer) player, trainer
* Jos? Perotti painter
* Leonardo Perucci actor
* Giancarlo Petaccia TV host
* Angelo Pierattini musician
* Osvaldo Puccio politician, diplomat
* Eduardo Ravani actor
* Virginia Reginato mayor of Vi?a del Mar
* Johanna Rezzio singer
* Antonella R?os Mascetti actress
* Susana Roccatagliata TV hostess, writer
* Ricardo Rozzi biologist, philosopher
* ?lvaro Scaramelli musician
* Aldo Schiappacasse TV presenter
* Pablo Striano actor, philosopher
* Gianina Talloni voice actress
* Andrea Tessa singer
* Gioacchino Toesca architect
* Cristopher Toselli football (soccer) goalkeeper
* Manuel Trucco politician, diplomat, senator
* Marcela Vacarezza TV hostess
* Soledad Vacarezza journalist
* Guido Vecchiola actor
* Macarena Venegas Tassara lawyer, judge
* Mathias Vidangossy football (soccer) player
* Giancarlo Zolezzi swimmer
See also
* Chile-Italy relations
For original article with references see "Italian Chilean." | Contributed by: Courtesy of Wikipedia
| | View full size image |
|
 |
|
Chile | | Date: The 20th Century | Notes: Immigration
Immigrants were important to the evolution of Chilean society and Chile as a nation. Basque families arrived from Spain and regions in the south of France. Who migrated to Chile in the 18th century vitalized the economy and joined the old Castilian aristocracy to become the political elite that still dominates the country.[87] Chileans of Basque descent are estimated at 10% (1,600,000) or as high as 27% (4,500,000) of the Chilean population.[88][89][90][91][92] Some non-Spanish European immigrants arrived in Chile mainly to the northern and southern extremities of the country during the 19th and 20th centuries, including English, Germans, Irish, Italians, French, Croatians, and former Yugoslavians.[93][94] The prevalence of non-Hispanic European surnames among the governing body of modern Chile are a testament to their disproportionate contribution and influence on the country. Also worth mentioning are the Croatians, were the most numerous Chile has an estimated 380,000 with the highest number of descendants of Croats.[95][96] and especially Palestinian communities, the latter being the largest colony of that people outside of the Arab world.[97][98][99] The volume of immigrants from neighboring countries to Chile during those same periods was of a similar value.[94]
Houses on the hills of Valpara?so.
After independence and during the republican era, English and Irish descendants between 350,000 to 420,000.[100], Italian, and French merchants established themselves in the growing cities of Chile and incidentally joined the political or economic elites of the country. In 1848 an important and sizable German immigration took place, laying the foundations of a present German-Chilean community. Sponsored by the Chilean government with aims of colonising the southern region. These Germans (which included German-speaking Swiss, Silesians, Alsatians and Austrians), markedly influenced the cultural composition of the southern of Chile. During the second half of the 19th century was exceptional. Small numbers of displaced eastern European Jews and Christian Syrians and Palestinians fleeing the Ottoman Empire arrived in Chile. Today they spearhead financial and small manufacturing operations.[101] Greeks have also immigrated to Chile and have formed a notable ethnic identity[102] .Greeks Estimated to be descendants from 90,000 to 120,000[103] Most of them live either in the Santiago area or in the Antofagasta area. Chile is one of the 5 countries with more descendants of Greeks in the world.[104]
European immigration, and to a lesser degree in the Middle East, produced during the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries (large "waves" in America), after corresponding to the Atlantic coasts of the Southern Cone ( that is, Argentina, Uruguay and South Brazil), was the most significant Latin America is favored mainly by the intense traffic that is produced through extreme south of the country until the opening of the Panama Canal in 1920, although other numbers came from Argentina, across the Cordillera.
Currently, immigration from neighboring countries to Chile is greatest.[105][106] Chile?s 2002 census counted 184,464 immigrants in the country, 26 percent of whom were from Argentina, 21 percent from Peru and 6 percent from Bolivia.[107] Emigration of Chileans has decreased during the last decade: It is estimated that 857,781 Chileans live abroad, 50.1% of those being in Argentina, 13.3% in the United States, 8.8% in Brazil, 4.9% in Sweden, and around 2% in Australia.[108][109]
For original text with reference see Wikipedia, "Chile." | Contributed by: Spanish Wikipedia
| | View full size image |
|
 |
|
Chile | | Date: Current | | Notes: "La Plaza Baquedano of Santiago Chile is commonly called Piazza Italia." | Contributed by: Courtesy of Wikipedia
| | View full size image |
|
Page: 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7 / 8 / 9 / 10 / 11 / 12 / 13 / 14 / 15 / 16 / 17 / 18 / 19 / Next >>
|
